The original text of Lao Whiz Tzu's "Tao Tan Ching" is lost in the mists of time. It is thought to have
been written during the Han dynasty, around 200 BC.
Various translations still exist that indicate it
was primarily concerned with portraying a model of a simple life lived by the Tao, focused primarily on
charcoal as a fuel for cooking. Later writers stressed more
mystical and magical aspects. But Lao Whiz Tzu was, like Confucius,
Mo Tzu, and Mencius, also concerned with the essential nature of charcoal;
he believed unquestioningly in the idea that charcoal could
also exist in accordance with the Tao. What would such charcoal
look like? It would not spark, it would not be hard to light, it would
not smoke, it would not impart foul flavor to food, and, ideally, it would
be inactive, serving mainly as a source of heat rather than smoke or light.
There were people who tried to translate Lao Whiz Tzu using other visions of
charcoal during the Han dynasty; these were, as you might imagine, spectacular failures.
So, with all the types of charcoal available to novices, with all
the debate about which is best, and with questions about which is better, charcoal
or gas, there exists a great void. Novices aimlessly
wander the universe, seeking the Tao, but no closer to enlightenment than the day they
bought their first bag of charcoal or cylinder of propane. Here, therefore, is a modern translation
of Lao Whiz Tsu's "Tao Tan Ching", literally "The Classic Book of The Way of Charcoal", or the shorter "The Way of Charcoal" .
Its thirty-seven epigrams in twelve books will aid those novices who truly seek the Tao to find enlightenment and truly find "The Way."
The Chinese
character "tao" is actually made up of two characters, "go forward" and "head".
Hence, your head chooses a path to go forward. For this reason it is used to denote the path or way to clarity.
However, remember that the word or
character is merely used as a way of expressing the inexpressable. "The Tao is without form or quality,
But expresses all forms and qualities."
Common dictionary translations of Tao include: road, path, way, means or doctrine.
Literally, the way humans should follow. In the "Tao Tan Ching" of Lao Whiz Tzu, Tao becomes the
source from which all appearance derives, the unproduced Producer of all
that is, and the guarantor of its stability and regularity. It is generally
used to indicate the unseen, underlying law of the universe from which all other
principles and phenomena proceed. It is described as unnameable, unfathomable and inexhaustible. Taoists attempt to be one with this principle.
Taoism is based on the idea that behind all material
things and all the change in the world lies one fundamental,
universal principle: the Way or Tao. This principle gives
rise to all existence and governs everything, all change
and all life. Behind the bewildering multiplicity and
contradictions of the world lies a single unity, the Tao.
The purpose of human life, then, is to live life according
to the Tao, which requires passivity, calm, non-striving (wu wei ),
humility, and lack of planning, for to plan is to go against the Tao.
Seeking the Tao also requires an understanding of the concept of Yin and Yang. Ying and Yang
are not the Tao. However, they are the dynamic force of the Tao, constantly interacting with one another.
In Chinese philosophy, the rhythm of life, which pulsates through the universe, is the action of complementary principles, Yin and Yang. The T'ai-chi T'u diagram (left) illustrates this principle. The symmetrical disposition of the dark Yin and the light Yang suggests cyclical changes. When Yin reached its climax, it recedes in favor of Yang, then after Yang reached its climax it recedes in favor of Yin. This is the eternal cycle. The dots inside the white and black halves indicate that within each is the seed of the other. Yin cannot exist without Yang and vice versa. The ideal state of things in the physical universe, as well as in the world of humans is a state of harmony represented by the balance of Yin and Yang in body and mind.
Yang is the strong, male, creative, giving force, which is associated
with heaven. The heaven above us is always in motion and brings about change.
Yang is associated with the following ideas and things:
- Day, Light
- Sunshine, Fire, Heat
- Summer, Spring
- Even Numbers
- The Sun
- South, East
- Left, Up
- Intellect
- Active, Dynamic
- Expansion, Increasing
- Innovative, Reformative
- Mountain
- Desert
- Straight Line
- Hard
- Dissolving
- Physical (Observable) World
- Tiger
- Bladder, Intestines, Skin
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Yin is the quiet, female, intuitive, receiving
force, which is associated with earth. The earth is the source of life,
it provides us with what we need to survive. Yin is associated with the
following ideas and things:
- Night, Dark
- Rain, Water, Cold
- Winter, Autumn
- Odd Numbers
- The Moon
- North, West
- Right, Down
- Intuition
- Passive, Static
- Contraction, Decreasing
- Conservative, Traditional
- Valley
- River
- Curve
- Soft
- Solidifying
- Psychological (Astral) World
- Dragon
- Kidneys, Heart, Liver, Lungs
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And now presumably you, the novice, are ready to follow the path to enlightenment and seek the Tao. The "Tao Tan Ching", "The Classic Book of The Way of Charoal", exists to
indicate the path to clarity in understanding the Tao, but it is not the Tao itself. Read the "Tao
Tan Ching" and follow the path. It will not take you within the Tao. You will be filled with
Tao only once you have reached enlightenment. And then you will know it is time for you to leave....
"The Tao is so vast that when you use it, something is always left. How deep it is!"
from the Tao Te Ching of Lao Tzu
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